Fund 5 A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a patient. The nurse understands that medications are classified by both pharmaceutical and therapeutic classes. Which of the following best describes a drug’s therapeutic class? It refers to the mechanism of action, physiologic effect, and chemical structure of the drug. It refers to the clinical indication or therapeutic action, such as whether the drug is an analgesic, antibiotic, or antihypertensive. It refers to the route by which the drug is absorbed in the body. It refers to how quickly the drug is metabolized and excreted from the body. None A nurse is preparing to administer a drug to a patient and is aware that several factors can affect how the drug acts in the body. Which factor is most likely to influence drug action by altering how the body metabolizes and excretes the drug? Biologic sex Weight Pathology Timing of administration None A nurse is assessing a patient who is experiencing an adverse reaction to a newly prescribed medication. The patient is experiencing swelling of the throat and difficulty breathing. What type of adverse drug reaction is the patient likely experiencing? Side effect Idiosyncratic effect Toxic effect Anaphylactic reaction None A client has received an incorrect dose of medication. What should the nurse do first in response to this medication error? Contact the healthcare provider. Evaluate the client's condition. Inform the charge nurse or nurse manager. File an incident report. None A patient is interested in alternative therapies to manage their chronic pain and anxiety. Which CAM therapy would most likely be recommended for promoting muscle relaxation? Acupuncture Biofeedback Massage Therapy Chiropractic Medicine None A nurse is educating a patient about herbal supplements that might help boost immunity. Which of the following herbs would the nurse most likely recommend? Ginger Ginkgo Biloba Echinacea Valerian None A nurse is about to administer an oral medication to a client. When should the nurse perform the final safety check before giving the medication? At the client's bedside prior to administering the medication. In the medication room where the drug was retrieved. After documenting the medication administration. At the nurse's station while reviewing the prescription. None A nurse is administering an intravenous (IV) medication to a patient. What should the nurse expect in terms of absorption for this route of administration? Slow and variable absorption due to barriers such as the gastrointestinal tract. Immediate and complete absorption without barriers. Delayed absorption influenced by blood perfusion at the injection site. Absorption varies depending on the solubility of the medication and the presence of food. None A nurse is educating a patient about factors that affect the distribution of medications in the body. Which of the following factors may delay drug distribution in a patient with vascular disease? Permeability of cell membranes Protein binding Circulation Excretion None A nurse is reviewing a medication order for a client that reads, "Lasix 40 mg two times daily." Which part of this order requires clarification with the prescribing provider? The drug name. The dosage amount. The route of administration. The frequency of administration. None A nurse is caring for an older adult who is receiving a medication that undergoes extensive metabolism in the liver. The nurse knows that metabolism may be slower in this patient. What effect does slower metabolism have on medication action? It may shorten the duration of the medication’s action. It may cause an increase in the duration and intensity of the medication’s effect. It may result in the immediate excretion of the medication from the body. It may enhance the first-pass effect, decreasing the drug’s action. None A nurse is caring for a patient with kidney dysfunction. How will impaired kidney function affect medication excretion? The medication will be excreted more rapidly, requiring increased dosing. The medication will have a shorter half-life, reducing its duration of action. The medication will remain in the body longer, increasing the risk of toxicity. The medication will bypass the kidneys and be excreted through the lungs. None A nurse is administering nitroglycerin via the sublingual route to a patient experiencing chest pain. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the patient to do after placing the tablet under their tongue? Swallow the tablet with a glass of water. Chew the tablet for faster absorption. Avoid eating or drinking until the medication is fully absorbed. Place the tablet between the cheek and gum for better absorption None A nurse is struggling to interpret the provider’s handwriting when documenting a client’s medication order. What action should the nurse take? Ask the client’s family about the medication. Refer to the medication list in the client's admission records. Consult the pharmacist for clarification. Contact the provider directly to verify the prescription. None A nurse is educating a group about different methods of medication administration. Which of the following routes provides the quickest absorption rate? Oral route Injection into muscle (IM) Directly into the bloodstream (IV) Applied to the skin (topical) None Which of the following is an example of an energy therapy? Chiropractic therapy Magnet therapy Probiotics Meditation None Which complementary or alternative therapy involves using digital pressure along meridians to alter body function? Chiropractic therapy Acupuncture/Acupressure Biofeedback Homeopathic medicine None A nurse is explaining complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to a client. Which of the following statements by the nurse correctly defines CAM? A. "CAM therapies replace conventional Western medical care." B. "CAM therapies are always used in combination with allopathic medicine." C. "CAM therapies focus on the whole person’s optimal health." D. "CAM therapies are limited to Western medicine practices." None Which of the following is an example of a complementary therapy? patient uses acupuncture instead of chemotherapy to treat cancer. A patient practices yoga alongside prescribed antihypertensive medication. A patient replaces insulin therapy with an herbal remedy to manage diabetes. A patient uses homeopathy exclusively to treat their chronic migraines. None Which of the following best describes pharmacokinetics? Which of the following best describes pharmacokinetics? Apply the patch to a bony area for better absorption. Rotate the application site with each new patch. Remove the patch for 30 minutes each day to allow the skin to breathe. None Which of the following processes is responsible for converting medications into less active or inactive forms? Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion None A nurse is explaining medication absorption to a client. Which route of administration has no barriers to absorption? Oral Intramuscular Intravenous Subcutaneous None A nurse is conducting a client's health history and physical assessment. Which of the following is considered subjective data? Skin discoloration (cyanosis) Blood pressure Feeling of nausea Small red spots on the skin (petechiae) None Which factor most affects the absorption of a medication administered intramuscularly? The pH of the gastrointestinal tract Blood perfusion at the site of injection The size of the medication molecules The presence of food in the stomach None A patient with peripheral vascular disease may experience delayed medication effects due to impaired distribution. Which factor is primarily responsible for this? Plasma protein binding Cell membrane permeability Circulation Lipid solubility None Which of the following factors can decrease the rate of medication metabolism, leading to medication accumulation and potential toxicity? Similar metabolic pathways he presence of a full stomach Low protein binding High tissue perfusion None Which organ is primarily responsible for the excretion of medications from the body? Liver Lungs Kidneys Intestines None The therapeutic index (TI) of a medication refers to: The time it takes for the medication to start working. The safety margin between the effective dose and the lethal dose. The speed at which a medication is metabolized. The time it takes for a medication to be excreted from the body. None A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a medication with a short half-life. How often should the medication be administered to maintain a steady blood level? Less frequently More frequently Only once daily Only when symptoms occur None Which of the following medications is an example of an antagonist? Morphine Losartan Naloxone Acetaminophen None A nurse is preparing to administer a buccal medication. Which of the following is an important nursing consideration? Place the medication under the tongue. The medication should be swallowed immediately. Place the medication between the cheek and gum. Administer the medication with food. None What is an advantage of administering medications orally? Most reliable absorption. Least expensive and convenient route. Best for clients with nausea. Avoids the first-pass effect. None Which of the following factors contributes to the increased use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)? Limited availability of conventional medical care. Desire for less invasive, more natural treatments. Lack of awareness about conventional treatments. Decreased availability of prescription medications. None A nurse is discussing herbal remedies with a client. Which herbal product might the nurse recommend to improve memory? Aloe Ginkgo biloba Chamomile Valerian None Which of the following nursing actions is appropriate when incorporating CAM into a client's care plan? Recommend herbal products without discussing them with the healthcare provider. Assume all clients will be receptive to CAM interventions. Evaluate the client’s responses to CAM interventions regularly. dvise clients to stop all prescription medications when using herbal remedies. None Which nursing intervention encourages healing by focusing the mind on specific images? Healing intention Breath work Guided imagery Therapeutic communication None A nurse is evaluating a client’s response to complementary therapies for managing chronic pain. What should the nurse do next? Discontinue the therapy if no immediate relief is noted. Encourage the client to integrate multiple CAM therapies at once. Document the client’s response and consult the care team for next steps. Suggest replacing all medications with CAM interventions. None A nurse is teaching a client about taking a sublingual medication. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Swallow the medication with a full glass of water. Place the medication under your tongue until it dissolves. Chew the medication before swallowing. Take the medication with food to reduce irritation. None When applying a transdermal patch, the nurse should Apply the patch to a hairless area and rotate sites. Shave the area before applying the patch. Cover the patch with an occlusive dressing. Apply the patch to the same area each time. None Which of the following is a correct step in administering a metered-dose inhaler (MDI)? Shake the inhaler before use. Exhale completely after inhaling the medication. Hold your breath for 3 seconds after inhaling. Shake the device after use. None A nurse is preparing to administer a subcutaneous injection of insulin. What is the correct angle of insertion? 10° 30° 45° to 90° 90° to 110° None Which of the following is an advantage of intravenous (IV) administration? Slow absorption and gradual onset of action. Less invasive than other routes. Rapid onset and immediate response. Reduces the risk of infection. None Reduces the risk of infection. Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion None Which of the following is a nurse's responsibility regarding medication administration? Diagnosing the client’s condition Modifying the medication prescription Reporting all medication errors Writing the prescription for medications None Which of the following is an example of a controlled substance that is in Schedule II? Acetaminophen Heroin Morphine Penicillin None A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin. What adverse effect should the nurse monitor for? Respiratory depression Hypokalemia Cardiotoxicity Nephrotoxicity None Which type of prescription instructs a nurse to administer medication immediately and only once? Stat prescription Routine prescription Now prescription PRN prescription None A prescription for "furosemide 20 mg PO every morning" is missing which of the following components? Route of administration Dosage of medication Client’s full name Time and frequency None Which of the following are part of the rights of safe medication administration? (Select all that apply.) Right route Right diagnosis Right documentation Right evaluation Right client Which of the following actions can help prevent medication errors? Administering medications prepared by another nurse Double-checking the dosage of high-alert medications Administering medications without verifying the client’s identity Accepting verbal orders without verifying None Which of the following abbreviations is considered error-prone and should be avoided? MgSO4 mL mcg g None During the implementation phase of medication administration, what should a nurse do to ensure safety? Prepare medications for multiple clients at once Administer medications without confirming the client's identity Avoid distractions during preparation Rely on memory for medication dosages None If a nurse administers the wrong medication, which action should the nurse take first? Complete an incident report Notify the provider Assess the client Report the error to risk management None Which of the following actions contributes to safe medication administration? Administering medications without verifying the dose Preparing medications for multiple clients at once Reporting medication errors immediately Ignoring a client’s refusal of medication None Which of the following is a primary purpose of intravenous (IV) therapy? To slow down medication absorption To provide fluid replacement To delay the onset of medications To reduce irritation to subcutaneous tissue None What is the nurse's responsibility when administering an IV infusion? Determining the IV fluid type Regulating the infusion rate Modifying the prescribed volume Prescribing the rate of administration None A nurse is administering a fluid bolus. How quickly should this be administered? Over 3 hours Within 2 hours In less than 1 hour Over 24 hours None During the implementation phase of medication administration, what should a nurse do to ensure safety? Prepare medications for multiple clients at once Administer medications without confirming the client's identity Avoid distractions during preparation Rely on memory for medication dosages None What is the nurse's responsibility when administering an IV infusion? Determining the IV fluid type Regulating the infusion rate Modifying the prescribed volume Prescribing the rate of administration None Which of the following is a disadvantage of IV therapy? Delayed onset of action Risk of fluid overload Minimal therapeutic effect Limited absorption into the bloodstream None Which type of prescription instructs a nurse to administer medication immediately and only once? Stat prescription Routine prescription Now prescription PRN prescription None Which intervention is appropriate for an older client with fragile veins when starting an IV? Use a tourniquet and slap the arm to visualize veins. Use a blood pressure cuff instead of a tourniquet. Use a 16-gauge catheter for venous access. Apply rigorous friction while cleaning the site. None What size catheter is typically used for trauma clients requiring rapid fluid volume replacement? 22-gauge 24-gauge 18-gauge 16-gauge None At what angle should the nurse insert the IV catheter during insertion? 45° 5° 10° to 30° 90° None What action should the nurse take to maintain IV patency? Stop the infusion periodically to check the site. Flush the IV site every 8 to 12 hours when not in use. Allow blood to back up into the tubing. Disconnect the IV tubing when the client is resting. None What is a sign of infiltration at an IV site? Warmth and erythema Swelling and coolness Red streak along the vein Throbbing pain None Which of the following findings indicates fluid overload in a client receiving IV therapy? Crackles in the lungs Decreased blood pressure Bradycardia ypothermia None Which action should the nurse take to prevent an IV infection? Change the IV site every 12 hours. Allow fluids to hang for 48 hours. Wipe all IV ports with alcohol before use. Reuse the same catheter for a second attempt. None Which of the following is a key nursing responsibility in IV therapy? Allowing the client to adjust the IV flow rate Administering IV medications without checking compatibility Monitoring the site for signs of infection or infiltration Removing the catheter without documenting the removal None Which of the following is critical for nurses to understand when administering medications? The cost of the medication The therapeutic and adverse effects of the medication The color of the medication The storage instructions of the medication None What should the nurse advise a client who experiences CNS depression due to a medication? Drive to work as usual. Operate heavy machinery. Avoid activities requiring alertness. Increase fluid intake. None Which of the following is an anticholinergic effect of a medication? Tremors Dry mouth Muscle rigidity Restlessness None A client is taking an antihypertensive medication and reports feeling dizzy when standing up quickly. What should the nurse advise? Avoid walking. Stand up quickly to overcome dizziness. Sit down immediately. Rise slowly from sitting to standing. None Which lab values should the nurse monitor in a client taking nephrotoxic medications? Blood glucose and cholesterol levels Blood pressure and heart rate BUN and creatinine levels Hemoglobin and hematocrit None A client develops swelling of the face and lips after taking a new medication. What is the nurse’s priority action? Administer acetaminophen. Notify the healthcare provider. Administer epinephrine. Apply a cold compress to the swelling. None A client taking glucocorticoids is at risk for which of the following complications? Hyperactivity Hypertension Infection Hypoglycemia None A client is taking two medications with CNS depressant effects. What is the primary concern? Increased risk of liver damage Decreased therapeutic effects Increased risk of CNS depression Reduced drug absorption None What dietary instruction should the nurse provide to a client taking warfarin? Avoid dairy products. Increase vitamin C intake. Avoid foods rich in vitamin K. Avoid foods rich in calcium. None Which pregnancy category of medication poses the highest risk to the fetus? Category A Category B Category D Category X None Which of the following is a critical nursing responsibility when administering medications? Ignoring potential drug interactions Assessing for adverse effects and contraindications Advising clients to self-administer medication Prescribing medication doses None Which factor most likely requires adjusting a client's medication dosage? Hair color Body weight Skin tone Eye color None How does age affect medication responses in children and older adults? Children metabolize medications faster than older adults. Older adults metabolize medications faster than children. Both groups have reduced kidney and liver function, requiring smaller doses. Both groups have increased metabolism, requiring larger doses. None A client who frequently fasts is at increased risk for medication toxicity because: Fasting increases kidney function. Fasting decreases plasma protein levels. Fasting reduces medication absorption. Fasting enhances liver metabolism. None How does kidney disease affect medication administration? It enhances medication absorption. It delays medication excretion. It decreases liver metabolism. It prevents medication absorption. None Why are children more sensitive to medications than adults? They have higher protein levels. They have immature liver and kidney function. They have increased muscle mass. They excrete medications more quickly. None Which of the following strategies can help older adults adhere to their medication regimens? Provide child-resistant caps. Adjust doses based on daily weight. Use daily pill holders. Recommend skipping doses. None When should a lactating client take medications to minimize exposure to the infant? Before breastfeeding During breastfeeding After breastfeeding ith every feeding None A client taking a medication that affects reproductive potential should be advised to precaution Avoid pregnancy testing. Discontinue contraception. Understand the medication's reproductive effects. Increase the medication dosage. None Which of the following is an essential nursing intervention to reduce the risk of medication toxicity in older adults? Start with the highest possible dose Monitor for drug-drug interactions Disregard changes in kidney function ncrease doses frequently None Why is blood glucose testing preferred over urine glucose testing for monitoring blood glucose levels? Blood glucose testing is faster. Urine glucose testing is inaccurate unless glucose levels exceed 220 mg/dL. Blood glucose testing is less painful. Urine glucose testing requires special equipment. None Which of the following items are required for blood glucose testing? Sterile gloves Antiseptic cleaner Reagent strips Reusable lancet Cotton balls Which of the following medications can cause hyperglycemia as an adverse effect? (Select all that apply) Diuretics Corticosteroids Oral anticoagulants Opioid analgesics Antipsychotics What is the correct method to transfer blood onto the reagent strip? Smear the blood onto the strip. Squeeze the blood onto the strip. Touch the puncture site to stimulate bleeding. Hold the test strip next to the blood on the fingertip. None Time's up Post navigation Previous Previous post: Fund 4Next Next post: Fund 6
